The fringing reefs.
Fringing reefs are a type of coral reef that are found along the edges of continents and islands. They are usually close to the shore and are separated from the land by shallow water. Fringing reefs are the most common type of coral reefs and are found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world.
Fringing reefs are formed when coral grows on top of an older, submerged reef or on the edge of a continental shelf. Over time, the coral builds up, creating a wall or barrier that extends from the shore out into the ocean. The shallow water between the reef and the shore is called the reef flat, and it is home to a variety of plants and animals.
Fringing reefs support a diverse community of plants and animals, including coral, fish, invertebrates, and other marine life. They also provide a range of ecological and economic benefits, such as protecting coastlines from erosion, supporting local economies through tourism and fishing, and playing a role in global climate regulation. However, like all coral reefs, fringing reefs are facing many challenges, including climate change, pollution, and overfishing, which threaten their survival and the ecosystems they support.